Ratios put a single number in context
An LDL of 130 means something different alongside an HDL of 70 than alongside an HDL of 35. Ratios normalize for that, which is why total-to-HDL and triglyceride-to-HDL are often more informative than any single lipid value.
- • ApoB or LDL particle count is the most direct measure of atherogenic burden.
- • Lp(a) is largely genetic and should be measured at least once in a lifetime.
- • Treatment decisions use total 10-year risk, not lipids alone.
FAQ
What is a good cholesterol ratio?
A total-to-HDL ratio below 3.5 is considered optimal; 5.0 and above signals elevated cardiovascular risk.
How is LDL calculated?
Most labs use the Friedewald equation: total cholesterol minus HDL minus triglycerides divided by five. Direct LDL measurement is used when triglycerides are high.
Is non-HDL better than LDL?
For risk prediction, generally yes — it includes all atherogenic particles and stays valid in the non-fasting state.
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